SAP General Interview Questions

1. What is ERP?

ERP is a package with the techniques and concepts for the integrated management of business as a whole, for effective use of management resources, to improve the efficiency of an enterprise. Initially, ERP was targeted for manufacturing industry mainly for planning and managing core business like production and financial market. As the growth and merits of ERP package ERP software is designed for basic process of a company from manufacturing to small shops with a target of integrating information across the company.

2. Different types of ERP?
SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards, Oracle Financials, Siebel, PeopleSoft. Among all the ERP’s most of the companies implemented or trying to implement SAP because of number of advantages aver other ERP packages.

3. What is SAP?
SAP is the name of the company founded in 1972 under the German name (Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing) is the leading ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software package.

4. Explain the concept of “Business Content” in SAP Business Information Warehouse?
Business Content is a pre-configured set of role and task-relevant information models based on consistent Metadata in the SAP Business Information Warehouse. Business Content provides selected roles within a company with the information they need to carry out their tasks. These information models essentially contain roles, workbooks, queries, InfoSources, InfoCubes, key figures, characteristics, update rules and extractors for SAP R/3, mySAP.com Business Applications and other selected applications.

5. Why do you usually choose to implement SAP?
There are number of technical reasons numbers of companies are planning to implement SAP. It’s highly configurable, highly secure data handling, min data redundancy, max data consistency, you can capitalize on economics of sales like purchasing, tight integration-cross function.

6. Can BW run without a SAP R/3 implementation?
Certainly. You can run BW without R/3 implementation. You can use pre-defined business content in BW using your non-SAP data. Here you simply need to map the transfer structures associated with BW data sources (InfoCubes, ODS tables) to the inbound data files or use 3rd part tool to connect your flat files and other data sources and load data in BW. Several third party ETL products such as Acta, Infomatica, DataStage and others will have been certified to load data in BW.

7. What is IDES?
International Demonstration and Education System. A sample application provided for faster learning and implementation.

8. What is WF and its importance?
Business Work Flow: Tool for automatic control and execution of cross-application processes. This involves coordinating the persons involved, the work steps required, the data, which needs to be processed (business objects). The main advantage is reduction in throughput times and the costs involved in managing business processes. Transparency and quality are enhanced by its use.

9. What is SAP R/3?
A third generation set of highly integrated software modules that performs common business function based on multinational leading practice. Takes care of any enterprise however diverse in operation, spread over the world. In R/3 system all the three servers like presentation, application server and database server are located at different system.

10. What are presentation, application and database servers in SAP R/3?
The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server. All the data are stored in a centralized server. This server is called database server.

11. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?
Convert the legacy system data to a flat file and convert flat file into internal table. Transfer the flat file into sap system called “sap data transfer”. Call transaction(Write the program explicitly) or create sessions (sessions are created and processed ,if success data will transfer).

12. Explain open SQL Vs native SQL?
ABAP Native SQL allows you to include database-specific SQL statements in an ABAP program. Most ABAP programs containing database-specific SQL statements do not run with different databases. If different databases are involved, use Open SQL. To execute ABAP Native SQL in an ABAP program, use the statement EXEC. Open SQL (Subset of standard SQL statements), allows you to access all database tables available in the R/3 System, regardless of the manufacturer. To avoid conflicts between database tables and to keep ABAP programs independent from the database system used, SAP has generated its own set of SQL statements known as Open SQL.

13. What are datasets?
The sequential files (processed on application server) are called datasets. They are used for file handling in SAP.

14. What are internal tables check table, value table, and transparent table?
Internal table: It is a standard data type object, which exists only during the runtime of the program. Check table: Check table will be at field level checking. Value table: Value table will be at domain level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid. Transparent table: – Exists with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with the same data and fields.

15. What are the major benefits of reporting with BW over R/3?
Would it be sufficient just to Web-enable R/3 Reports? – Performance — Heavy reporting along with regular OLTP transactions can produce a lot of load both on the R/3 and the database (cpu, memory, disks, etc). Just take a look at the load put on your system during a month end, quarter end, or year-end — now imagine that occurring even more frequently. Data analysis — BW uses a Data Warehouse and OLAP concepts for storing and analyzing data, where R/3 was designed for transaction processing. With a lot of work you can get the same analysis out of R/3 but most likely would be easier from a BW.

16. How can an ERP such as SAP help a business owner learn more about how business operates?
In order to use an ERP system, a business person must understand the business processes and how they work together from one functional area to the other. This knowledge gives the student a much deeper understanding of how a business operates. Using SAP as a tool to learn about ERP systems will require that the
people understand the business processes and how they integrate.

17. What is the difference between OLAP and Data Mining?
OLAP – On line Analytical processing is a reporting tool configured to understand your database schema ,composition facts and dimensions . By simple point-n-clicking, a user can run any number of canned or user-designed reports without having to know anything of SQL or the schema. Because of that prior configuration, the OLAP engine “builds” and executes the appropriate SQL. Mining is to build the application to specifically look at detailed analyses, often algorithmic; even more often misappropriate called “reporting.

18. What is “Extended Star Schema” and how did it emerge?
The Star Schema consists of the Dimension Tables and the Fact Table. The Master Data related tables are kept in separate tables, which has reference to the characteristics in the dimension table(s). These separate tables for master data is termed as the Extended Star Schema.

19. Define Meta data, Master data and Transaction data
Meta Data: Data that describes the structure of data or MetaObjects is called Metadata. In other words data about data is known as Meta Data.
Master Data: Master data is data that remains unchanged over a long period of time. It contains information that is always needed in the same way. Characteristics can bear master data in BW. With master data you are dealing with attributes, texts or hierarchies.
Transaction data: Data relating to the day-to-day transactions is the Transaction data.

20. Name some drawbacks of SAP
Interfaces are huge problem, Determine where master data resides, Expensive, very complex, demands highly trained staff, lengthy implementation time.

21. What is Bex?
Bex stands for Business Explorer. Bex enables end user to locate reports, view reports, analyze information and can execute queries. The queries in workbook can be saved to there respective roles in the Bex browser. Bex has the following components: Bex Browser, Bex analyzer, Bex Map, Bex Web.

22. What are variables?
Variables are parameters of a query that are set in the parameter query definition and are not filled with values until the queries are inserted into workbooks. There are different types of variables which are used in different application: Characteristics variables, Hierarchies and hierarchy node, Texts, Formulas, Processing types, User entry/Default type, Replacment Path.

23. What is AWB?. What is its purpose?
AWB stands for Administrator WorkBench. AWB is a tool for controlling, monitoring and maintaining all the processes connected with data staging and processing in the business information whearhousing.

24. What is the significance of ODS in BIW?
An ODS Object serves to store consolidated and debugged transaction data on a document level (atomic level). It describes a consolidated dataset from one or more InfoSources. This dataset can be analyzed with a BEx Query or InfoSet Query. The data of an ODS Object can be updated with a delta update into InfoCubes and/or other ODS Objects in the same system or across systems. In contrast to multi-dimensional data storage with InfoCubes, the data in ODS Objects is stored in transparent, flat database tables.

25. What are the different types of source system?
SAP R/3 Source Systems, SAP BW, Flat Files and External Systems.

26. What is Extractor?
Extractors is a data retrieval mechanisms in the SAP source system. Which can fill the extract structure of a data source with the data from the SAP source system datasets. The extractor may be able to supply data to more fields than exist in the extract structure.

27. Describe how SAP handles Memory Management?
ST02 / ST03 In general via table buffers, you could go into the whole Work Process, roll in, roll out, heap (private) memory, etc. However just as a Unix or DBA admin would know, is you look this up when needed for the exact specifics.

28. Describe where they would look at the buffer statistics, and what steps they would use to adjust them?
ST02, RZ10 …

29. Describe how to setup a printer in SAP or where they would look to research why a user/users can not print?
SPAD, SP01, SM50, SU01 …

30. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?
YES. eg:- ITAB LIKE SPFLI.here we are referening to a data object(SPFLI) not data element. What are the different types of data dictionary objects? tables, structures, views, domains, data elements,lock objects, Match code objects.

31. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?

STEP 1: CONVERTING THE LEGACY SYSTEM DATA TO A FLAT FILE to internal table CALLED “CONVERSION”.
STEP 2: TRANSFERING THE FLAT FILE INTO SAP SYSTEM CALLED “SAP DATA TRANSFER”.
STEP 3: DEPENDING UPON THE BDC TYPE
i)call transaction(Write the program explicity)
ii) create sessions (sessions are created and processed.if success data will transfer).

32. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions and How is batch input process different from processing online?

PROBLEMS:
i) If the user forgets to opt for keep session then the session will be automatically removed from the session queue(log remains). However if session is processed we may delete it manually.

ii)if session processing fails data will not be transferred to SAP database table.

33. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?
Once you have declared the possible record types as field groups and defined their structure, you can fill the extract dataset using the following statements: EXTRACT. When the first EXTRACT statement occurs in a program, the system creates the extract dataset and adds the first extract record to it. In each subsequent EXTRACT statement, the new extract record is added to the dataset EXTRACT HEADER. When you extract the data, the record is filled with the current values of the corresponding fields. As soon as the system has processed the first EXTRACT statement for a field group , the structure of the corresponding extract record in the extract dataset is fixed. You can no longer insert new fields into the field groups and HEADER. If you try to modify one of the field groups afterwards and use it in another EXTRACT statement, a runtime error occurs. By processing EXTRACT statements several times using different field groups, you fill the extract dataset with records of different length and structure. Since you can modify field groups dynamically up to their first usage in an EXTRACT statement, extract datasets provide the advantage that you need not determine the structure at the beginning of the program.

34. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically?
NO. TRANSPARENT TABLE DO EXIST WITH THE SAME STRUCTURE BOTH IN THE DICTIONARY AS WELL AS IN THE DATABASE,EXACTLY WITH THE SAME DATA AND FIELDS.

35. What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary?

Step 1: creating domains(data type, field length, range).
Step 2: creating data elements(properties and type for a table field).
Step 3: creating tables(SE11).

36. What is the difference between updated project and end to end project? Explain
Answer1:
Some organisations select to implement SAP module by module, thus gets updated as per their convenience / schedule. This is called as updated project.

Some organisations simply plan all integrated functional modules and decide to go-live with all functional modules and take their entire operations on SAP. This is called as End to End SAP implementation project.

Answer2:
Upgrade Project is a project where in SAP is already in place and it is the version upgrade from a lower end to a higher version.

End to End project is a project where SAP is implemented for the first time.

37. What is Ranking order in automatic payment programme ?
Its the priority assigned to each house bank which helps Automatic Payement program choose the house bank for payment in case there are more than one bank satisfying the payment program.

If a payment program ends up selecting more than one(say 4) bank for payment, the ranking of the banks helps it select one bank from the list of (say 4) selected banks.

38. What is SAP APO?
Answer1:
SAP APO stands for Advanced Planner and Optimizer, which is one area of SCM and application component of MySAP product. Its is designed to provide solutions for companies in Demand planning, network design, supply network planning, production planning and global available to promise, transportation and scheduling.

Answer2:
Prior to SCM4.0 (-APO3.1) APO was a system, now from SCM4.0 APO is a function of SCM not a system as SCM now includes ECH and CM

39. What are the support tickets given in SAP fico module? please give some examples.
Support tickets are basically the problems that arise in day to day usage of SAP. So any sap fico consultant who is resolving the day to day production issues is actually supporting the tickets.

40. How is bank reconciliation handled in SAP?

The following are the steps for BRS:
1. Create Bank Master Data – This can be created through T.Code FI01 or you can also create the house bank through IMG/FA/Bank accounting/Bank account
2. Define House Bank
3. Set up Bank selection payment programe- IMG/FA/ARAP/BT/AUTOIP/PM/Bank selection for payment prg.
a. setup all co codes for payment transaction – Customer and vendors
b.setup paying co codes for payment transactions
c.setup payment method per country
d.setup payment method per co code for payment transaction
e.setup bank determination for payment transaction

Please go for Cheque mangement using T code FCHI (IMG/FA/ARAP/BT/OP/AutoOp/PaymentMedia/ CheckManagement) and for void reasons FCHV. You can create Bank Reconcilliation statement by TC FF67 (SAP/AC/Treasury/CashManagement/Incomings /ManualBankStatement) . Don’t forget to keep the opening Balance as zero. Use FBEA for post process.

All the steps together will lead to (FF67) Bank reconciliation statement.

41. How do you configure electronic bank statement?
Answer1:
Following is the sequence of configuration to be done for Electronis Bank Statment(EBS):
1. create Tranaction types( which helps you group all the house baks with same External transaction code).
2. assign them to house banks.
3 create and define posting rule keys .
4 assign them to external transaction codes.
external transaction codes are bank specific codes for buisness tranactions( which it issues in each EBS) each one for each type of payment. eg. transfer order, foreign transfer,bill of exchange etc.
5 define posting specification for G/L posting as well as subledger posting
6. define account symbols(which determines the G/L account to be posted to) and assign them toposting keys.

Answer2:
1. Create account symbols
2. Create gl accounts ans assign t account symbols
3. Create posting keys:
4. Posting rules
5. Assing external transactions

42. How do you configure manual bank statement?
Configuration is required during electronic bank statement not in manual bank statement. In manual bank statement you just have to enter the data on screen and save it.

43. What is dunning?
Dunning is actually the process by which you “bill” or “invoice” a customer for past due items.
With regards bad Checks for example dunning procedure could follow these steps:

• Step 1: Phone call to customer on receipt of bad check – at this stage, perform the journal posting outlined in section on Returned Checks
• Step 2: Letter to customer (+10 days)
• Step 3: Letter to CO (+7 days)
• Step 4: Legal letter to customer (? DD139) (+13 days)
• Step 5: Issue DD139 (+10 days)
• Step 6: Follow-up on DD139 (dispersing officer) (+45 days)
• Step 7: Write-off (after 6 months)
Steps 2-6 above will be handled by dunning levels in SAP.

Configuration before dunning can be carried out
1. Defining Dunning Area
2. Define Dunning Keys
3. Define Dunning Block Reasons
4. Dunning Procedure
• Define Dunning Procedure (T. Code – FBMP), To set up a Dunning Procedure, the following must be specified: number of Dunning Levels (1-9) Dunning Texts, Standard Text can also be included in the Dunning Texts. Dunning Procedure major parameters: Dunning Interval, Number of Dunning Levels, Grace Period
5. Assign Dunning Procedure to Customer / Vendors Accounts (T. Code – XD02)
6. Define Correspondence Types (T. Code – OB77)
7. Assign Company Codes to Correspondence company Codes
8. Assign Programs for Correspondence Types (OB78)
9. Dunning Run: Transaction Code: F150
Menu Path: accounting > financial accounting > accounts receivable > periodic processing > dunning.
Note: Whenever you schedule more than one dunning run a day, the “Identification” number must change. You may run several dunning runs on the same date but the “Identification” name must be different as well as certain parameters such as the “Dunning Date” and “Documents Posted up to” date.

44. What is the difference between profit center accounting and Profitability analysis ?
Profit center accounting is basically done for internal controlling purposes. It lets you determine the profit and loss using the cost of sale approach or period accounting approach. Here you can find the profit from an “area of responsibility or person” point of view, this is account based costing

Whereas in Profitability analysis, market segments based on product, customer, order or any combination of these are studied to find outs the profit. PA provides information to the marketing, sales and planning department so that they can make decisions. PA has two forms account based and CO based.

Both these are tools for profit management, and both are alternative. They are not same.

45. What are the manufacturing cost of a production?
Material cost + Productions cost = Manufacturing cost

46. What is the difference between stock transfer between two plants belongs to same company code and to that of different company code?

In 1st case it is called as intra company stock transfer and the 2nd case is inter company stock transfer

Stock Transfer between plants of same company code only includes inventory movement without any pricing and so called Stock Transfer Order where Stock Transfer between plants of different company code is same as a purchase order as along with the inventory there is also accounts transfer (pricing) involved.

47. In real time, How listing and exclusion is used?
Listing and exclusion is used in chemical and pharma industries for ex:-Particular customer is not having a valid license of selling some chemical/Medicines and he is ordering the same. in this case listing and exclusion is usefull

48. What is the schema you use in Time Management?
Schema: TC00

49. What is the work relation between SAP-MM, SD and FICO modules?
SAP is the integration of all the modules and the topics are very relevant to each other because basically its management skill set group. From manufacturing the product / goods / services to reaching the customer. All the transaction process is depending on sales area, sales doc, item proposals, shipping, delivery and billing.

50. In SAP-HR, What is the landscape of your project?

Landscape in SAP consists the following:
1. IDES = Training Server
2. Development Server
* Configuration (200 client)
* Sandbox (210 client)
* Data Change (220 client)
3. Quality Server
* Standby (300 client)
* Testing (310 client)
4. Production Server
* Pre-Production (400 client)
* Real Production (500 client)

51. What is the role of ABAPers? What is the Work Bench?
Abaper is a application programmer who retrieves the data from the database and show it to the end-user with the help of report, out of three layers of SAP the abaper position is on Application Layer in which SAP programs are develop and then transported to the Production server…

Workbench… The ABAP Workbench contains several tools that allow you to edit specific repository objects, like ABAP Editor, Menu Painter etc…

52. How to integrate MM With Fico?
Answer1
By using transaction code OBYC we can get the details of MM, Fico integration.

Answer2
Go to IMG settings in Financial accounting and do the configuration for MM-FI settings

Answer3
Value from MM to FI is defined in OBYC…. on the material master the flow of values are assigned on the Costing, Accounting, etc tabs where the system helps to post the necessary stock values into the appropriate GL accounts. Helps to determine, the GL accounts updated when there is a movement of goods.

53. What is difference between business area or cost centre?
Business area is a place where the product or the produced components are valued in group or for the total transactions carried out, Right from procurement, production and sales of goods.

Where as Cost centre is a particular area where the production or the project is taken up and expenditure is identified separately with a separate GL account

54. How to create Tax Calculation Procedure?
Answer1:
Tax calculation procedures based on the countries depended. One country is using deferent of tax procedures. We are creating new country also and at what type calculation procedures present is running on the country and it is assigned which country used.

Answer2:
Tax calculation procedures based on the country wise using and which country is used at what percent and it is used on the country. We are creating new country also at what percent it is used and it is assigned to using of this country.

55. What is the difference between business area and profit center?
Answer1:
Business area is where the total business is valuated as a whole

Whereas Profit centre is an area where the company/work place allows the outside agency to use its machinery for external profits (Ex: A CNC machine which can run 24 hrs a day is utilized in our company for 15 hrs and the balance 9 hrs is let out for addition to the company’s profit) is known as Profit Centre.

Answer2:
Business area is related term to FI module and Profit centre is related to CO module. One business area can have one or more profit centers.

56. What is Legacy System Migration Workbench? How it can be carried out in SAP SD?
Answer1:
LSMW is widely used by EDI programmers. EDI Programmers connect the SAP system to Non SAP system. During this Data migration is a necessity. When data migrates from source to destination the destination code is different from the source code. So what LSMW does is
* Converts the data in to batch files
* Then converts the batch files in to source code batch files
* And then migrates data. Standard Interfaces like BAPI or Idoc are used in this process.

Answer2:
LSMW is used for migrating data from a legacy system to SAP system, or from one SAP system to another.
Apart from standard batch/direct input and recordings, BAPI and IDocs are available as additional import methods for processing the legacy data.

The LSMW comprises the following main steps:
* Read data (legacy data in spreadsheet tables and/or sequential files).
* Convert data (from the source into the target format).
* Import data (to the database used by the R/3 application.

But, before these steps, you need to perform following steps :
* Define source structure: structure of data in the source file.
* Define target structure: structure of SAP that receives data.
* Field mapping: Mapping between the source and target structure with conversions, if any.
* Specify file: location of the source file

57. Of all the methods used for data migration like BDC, LSMW, Call Transaction which one is used most of the time? How is the decision made which method should be followed? What is the procedure followed for this analysis?
All the 3 methods are used to migrate data. Selection of these methods depends on the scenario, amount of data need to transfer. LSMW is a ready tool provided by SAP and you have to follow some 17 steps to migrate master data. While in BDCs Session method is the better choice because of some advantages over call transaction. But call transaction is also very useful to do immediate updation of small amount of data. (In call transaction developer has to handle errors).

Bottom line is make choice of these methods based of real time requirements.

These methods are chosen completely based on situation you are in. Direct input method is not available for all scenarios; else, they are the simplest ones. In batch input method, you need to do recording for the transaction concerned. Similarly, IDoc, and BAPI are there, and use of these need to be decided based on the requirement.

Try to go through the some material on these four methods, and implement them. You will then have a fair idea about when to use which.

58. What is the difference between the stock transfer between two plants belonging to same company code and those belonging to different company code?
Answer1:
A stock transfer from plant to plant generally takes place within a company code. It can, however, also take place between two company codes, if the plants are assigned to different valuation areas, which belong to different company codes.

Unlike a stock transfer from storage location to storage location, a stock transfer from plant to plant affects both accounting and Materials Planning, as follows:

* Accounting
Accounting is affected if both plants are assigned to different valuation areas. This means that a stock transfer leads not only to a quantity update but also to a value update (stock value, G/L accounts). Thus, parallel to the material document for stock transfer, an accounting document is created.

* Materials Planning
Materials Planning is affected because a change of plant stock is taken into account by Materials Planning.

Answer2:
The stock transfer from one plant to another belonging to same company code is same as that of belonging to different company code functionally.

In both the types of transfers, there will be a material document generated which will update the QTY in both the plants in the respective storage location.

Accounting document generation will depend on the valuation level of the material. If the materials are being valuated at company level and it is being transferred from one plant to another belonging to the same company code, no accounting entry is generated. However, if the valuation is being done at plant level, the accounting document will be generated in both the cases.

59. What are the fields in purchasing view?
- RFQ/Quotation
- Purchase requisition
- Purchase order
- Master data (Info record, Source list, Conditions, Vendors etc.)v – Outline agreements

60. How do you create movement types? What are the steps involved? When will you recommend a new movement type?
A movement type can be created using T code OMJJ. Copying an existing movement type and modifying the field contents can create a new movement type.

The SAP system is delivered with some pre-defined movement types from 100 to 899. 900 onwards can be used for customized movement types.

61. What is meant by access sequence? When it is used?
Condition type has an access sequence assigned to it which determines which tables to access for data and in what sequence. This has a sequence of table based on the most specific to most generic. It can be used for any new condition type creation.

62. How does the PO pick up the pricing schema?
The pricing procedure assigned to a vendor has a calculation schema attached to it. This schema defines the various conditions’ pre-requisite, calculation & sequence in the PO. Generally, only one type of pricing procedure is followed for all the vendors.

63. What are the types of special stocks available?
- Consignment stock – vendor
- Components provided to vendor
- Project stock
- Consignment stock – customer
- Pipeline material
- Orders on hand

64. What are the types of inforecords?
- Standard
- Pipeline
- Consignment
- Subcontracting

65. What is meant by consignment stock?
Consignment stock is the material which is lying in the premises but is not owned by the company. It has no value assigned to it until it is taken into own stock. Once it is used in production (or) to be sold, it is taken into own stock.

66. What are the steps involved in consignment cycle?
Consignment cycle is similar to a standard purchase cycle. The difference it that no accounting document is created at the time of goods receipts only QTY is updated.
It is settled once the same is utilized.

Tell me about the subcontracting cycle.
When the material is sent for subcontracting i.e. some value addition, it is converted into a different material. It needs a BOM to define the components of the finished item being received.

67. How is scrap accounted in subcontracting?
The scrap or the process loss can be adjusted while doing a quality inspection of the material received after subcontracting.

68. How are the byproducts taken care of in subcontracting?
Byproducts can be taken care of by defining them in the BOM

Tell me about the various movement types and usage.

101 – GR in unrest. use
103 – GR in Blocked stock
105 – Release from Block to Unrest. use stock.
122 – Return to vendor from unrest. use stock.
124 – Return to vendor from blocked stock
301 – Plant to Plant tfr.
309 – Material to Material tfr.
311 – Tfr. from stg loc to stg loc
261 – Issue for consumption.
411 – Taking consignment stock into own stock.
551 – Withdrawal for scrapping.
Etc.

69. What is the difference between a contract and a scheduling agreement?
A scheduling agreement can be made for Consignment, Subcontracting and stock transfer. A contract, also known as a blanket PO, can be made for standard items and can be restricted to a Value or QTY.

70. How does the system calculate taxes?
Based on the calculation schema of that condition and based on access sequence assigned to it.

71. What are the cutover activities performed in final preparation phase?
This activity involves- Master data upload for objects like customer masters including partner function assignment, customer material info, pricing, outputs and credit masters.

72. How to create a Purchase Order to a vendor who got best rating in Price comparison session (ME49). I wish to create PO from this session directly, explain how can it be created?
Answer1:
Vendor rating has to be done for new purchase order every time. PO can be generated by using transaction ME21N. This PO has to be released after creation
The other way is to assign that item to the vendor and maintain info records and update it by using ME11. This can also be done manually.

Answer2:
This is not possible. Price comparison session only gives you the idea which supplier has given the best price for a particular material. You have to raise the PO ME21N transaction only.

Answer3:
The vendor who has got best price will have a unique quotation number. Use ME21N transaction and create PO with respect RFQ from Overview tab .

73. What is the complete flow of the profit center accounting and Internal orders in controlling?
Profit Centre Accounting:
The following data can be passed on in Profit Center Accounting

* Costs (assessment and/or distribution)
* Revenue and sales deductions (assessment and/or distribution)
* Balance sheet items (distribution)

For this purpose, it is necessary to define cycles containing rules for finding sender-receiver relationships.

Related Activities in Controlling

* Definition of actual assessment cycles
* Definition of plan assessment cycles
* Definition of actual distribution cycles
* Definition of plan distribution cycles

Internal Orders
Internal orders are normally used to plan, collect, and settle the costs of internal jobs and tasks. The SAP system enables you to monitor your internal orders throughout their entire life-cycle; from initial creation, through the planning and posting of all the actual costs, to the final settlement and archiving:
Features
* You can use master data to assign certain characteristics to your internal orders, which enables you to control which business transactions can be used with the internal order.

* Internal order planning enables you to roughly estimate the costs of a job before the order starts and to
make an exact calculation at a later date. You can choose between various planning approaches to compare the effectiveness of different methods.

* You can assign and manage budgets for internal orders.

* You apply the actual costs incurred by a job to your internal orders using actual postings. In Financial Accounting, you can assign primary cost postings (such as the procurement of external activities and external deliveries) directly to internal orders.

* In period-end closing you can use various different allocation methods (for example, overhead costing) to allocate costs between different areas of Cost Accounting.
Order settlement enables you to transfer the costs incurred by an order to the appropriate receivers.

* The information system for internal orders enables you to track planned and assigned costs on your orders in each stage of the order life-cycle.

* You can archive internal orders that you no longer require.

74. What is the one full implementation of life cycle in SAP-BW.?
Full life cycle implementation means implementing the project start from requirement gathering, analysis, solution design, mapping, implementing according to ASAP methodology.

75. How the Price determination process works in SAP-MM?
Price determination process:
Create a Price schema
Add a condition type if required
Assign Access sequence to the condition type.
Create a condition table and specify flds required.
Create a cond. rec. The price schema for the particular mat. has a cond type. This pricing will trigger the Price determination process. Basically the access sequence assigned to the cond type will search the cond table to find the particular cond. rec. and determine the price.

76. What are the activities we will do in SAP MM module implementation?
Various activities in SAP MM are: Inventory, Warehouse, Purchasing, Vendor evolution, Invoice verification etc.

77. Explain what are the steps in the SD process at least up to the invoicing stage
Answer1:
1) pre-sales activity -inquiry,quotation
2) sales-order,
3) inventory sourcing,
4) delivery,
5) pgi,
6) invoicing

Answet2:
SD Inquiry– Quotation—Sales Order—Delivery—Transfer Order—-Post Good Issue—-Billing—Invoicing.

Condition technique :
condition technique means, the combination of
- condition table
- access sequence
- condition type
- procedure
- determination

78. What is the work you have done in the MM module and what programs did you use for creating views in MM?
1. Stock overview for a period can be done by Tcode-MB5B -further giving details like storage location,Plant,Material code,Date..

2. Stock as on date can be viewed by using Tcode-MMBE-further giving details like storage location,Plant,Material code.mail

79. How do you get the Sales Order (S.O) No. from the Delivery Order?
There are 2 ways through which you can see the reference of the documents.
1) Through Document Flow

2) Enter the delivery-> Go at the item level and select TAB PREDECESSOR DATA tab and you can see the reference order number.

80. What is an Open Item in SAP? How will you find an Open Item in SAP?
You can generate a list of open items from the information systems menu option:
* General Ledger: Information system ® General ledger reports ® Line items ® General ledger line items ® G/L line items, list for printing.
* Accounts Receivable: Information system
* ® Reports for accounts receivable ® Customer items ® List of customer open items for printing.Accounts Payable: Information system ® Reports for accounts payable ® Vendor items ® List of vendor open items for printing